However, calabash chalk happens to contain both lead and arsenic, which are known to be harmful to the brain. This habit often crops up among pregnant women, as it's believed to help curb their nausea. In a study published in the World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, researchers found that eating calabash chalk –- a type of clay –- is a common practice in some parts of Africa, such as Nigeria. The most common form of pica observed during pregnancy is ice-eating, also known as pagophagia, and women generally report feeling of satisfied after their pica behaviors.Ĭhalk is generally considered to be non-toxic, which is why it's safe for children to play with and even put into their mouths (in moderation), per Babygaga. It's believed that this might be one of the reasons why pica is so prevalent among pregnant women, since many moms-to-be experience psychological problems such as stress, anxiety, or depressive symptoms (via Trends in Psychology). It's not uncommon for the condition to show up in those struggling with a mental health disorder like depression or obsessive-compulsive disorder (via Cureus). It's possible that when a child feels unsafe with little parental comfort and a sense of insecurity, they may turn to eating nonfood items as a solution to their care needs (via the Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings). For instance, it's often seen in those who've experienced abuse, neglect, or other psychological stressors throughout their childhood. There's evidence that pica can sometimes arise from past negative experiences and trauma (per Psychiatric Times).
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